This week we are featuring a museum lesson from our infant teachers, Logan Crowley, Jill Manasco, and Rosalie Reyes. The infant class had been particularly interested in reading Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What do You See? by Bill Martin Jr. and Eric Carle. Logan, Jill, and Rosalie noticed the interest and decided to build a unit around their class’s intrinsic interests. They began by looking at the brown bear who saw the red bird who saw the yellow duck who saw the blue horse who saw the green frog. The class focused on each animal and then they moved on to the next. When they arrived at green frog, I joined the class for a lesson at the National Museum of American History. Below is a reflection from Logan, Jill, and Rosalie as well as images from the lesson.

 Here are some images from their lesson:

Sometimes getting the class to the museum is one of the most challenging aspects of the trip. The class made frequent stops to check in with the children and make sure that they were physically comfortable as well as mentally stimulated. See the teachers reflections below for more.

Since Kermit the Frog was displayed at a height where adults were able to view it easily, the infant teachers picked the children up and held them closer to the Kermit the Frog.

While holding a child up, Rosalie was able to engage the child by pointing and paying close attention to the child’s nonverbal ques. She watched the child’s facial expressions and was aware of where the child’s eyes were looking.

The class was not able to touch the Kermit the Frog on display. Luckily, Jill was able to bring in her childhood version of Kermit. Touching Jill’s childhood Kermit played an important role in the lesson, since touch plays such a crucial role in brain development.

The class had other examples of frogs to compare to Kermit the Frog including puppets, rubber frogs, green scarves, and musical frogs.

The infants were able to touch and explore all the tangible examples of frogs that their teachers brought with them.

A reflection from Logan, Jill, and Rosalie:

What were your topics of exploration? Why did you choose them? Where did they come from?

We had noticed that our infants really loved to read the book Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See? by Bill Martin Jr. and Eric Carle, so we decided to do a unit on it, focusing on the different types of animals featured in the book. We had already learned about several animals in the book and during this week we focused on the frog.

Why and how did you choose the visit?

I was scouring the websites of nearby museums for ideas and noticed that the National Museum of American History has a Puppets and Muppets display that included the original Kermit the frog puppet. As it so happened, Jill had a stuffed version of Kermit from her childhood at home and so we decided she would bring in her Kermit and we would head over to see the original Kermit in all his glory.

 What were your learning objectives? (What did you want your children to take away from the lesson?)

With infants, museum visits tend to be a short and focused experience. While older children may be ready to spend more time talking about the history of Kermit or the detailed characteristics of real frogs, infants take in and process information differently. With this in mind, our main objective was to introduce Kermit the frog to our infants and then to help them make connections between Kermit and the frogs that they’d been learning about in the classroom. The more that infants are exposed to, the more points of reference they will have, so they will begin to understand that there are many different types of frogs. This is how a baby begins to make sense of the world around them. It gives them the ability to think flexibly, which is an essential skill for future success in school.

 What was most successful about your lesson? How did the lesson reach your objectives to expand the topic? What was successful in terms of your preparation and logistics?

Since our main goal was to help our infants make a connection between Kermit (a fictional frog) and real-life frogs, we brought along not only a stuffed Kermit, but a variety of examples of frogs. The examples varied from very realistic (photographs of real frogs), semi-realistic (stuffed frogs), to more cartoonish depictions of frogs. We also had a video of Kermit the frog singing “The Rainbow Connection” for the children to watch, noting as they watched that he was sitting in a swamp, an environment where frogs are often found. The children remained largely engaged throughout the lesson and showed a great deal of interest in the various objects and in the Puppets and Muppets display.

Having all three teachers interacting with the children and showing them objects can feel a little chaotic in the moment, but these one-on-one interactions are key to keeping the children engaged and enjoying the experience. We spend a lot of time in the classroom building relationships with the children and establishing trust. These relationships are instrumental for meaningful learning to take place and we find they are key to successful museum experiences for our children. Our relationships with them help us to pick destinations that we know will engage them and also help us to connect with the children as we visit and explore what we see.

 What could you have done differently to better achieve your objectives and expand the topic? What was challenging regarding logistics? What recommendations would you have for another teacher trying out this lesson?

The most challenging logistic in any museum visit with our infants is simply getting out the door. Between making sure that the class has clean diapers, is fed, has had their bottles, and has napped, it can be tricky just finding a time to make it out. But we know how important it is for our children to explore, get some fresh air, and see the museums, so we make it work. The other major challenge is that infants attention is easily diverted so visits are typically short and sweet. I would recommend bringing tangible objects for infants to explore that will hold their attention. Most of all, when doing any sort of lesson with infants, the main thing is to be flexible and to be open to changing your plans if you find something doesn’t work. I constantly remind myself that the most important part is that the children have a positive experience and that as long as I can make that happen, it’s okay if a lesson doesn’t turn out exactly like I envisioned. I think the main takeaway is to have fun with it. If you are enjoying yourself and focusing on making a connection, the children will almost certainly enjoy themselves too.

The class continued to looked at frogs for the rest of the week. They explored many green objects and played in water to gain a better understanding of the habitat of frogs. When the class felt ready to move on from frogs, they continued learning about Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What do you See? by exploring colors and color mixing. Be on the lookout for our Roundup on the unit Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What do you See? 

This Teacher Feature was originally posted November 5, 2015, and provides a great example of how question asking can be a powerful tool for young children’s learning.  Want to learn more about question asking techniques?  Join us for The Art of Asking Questions Webinar on February 8!

It’s Teacher Feature Thursday!

This week we are featuring Jessie Miller and Will Kuehnle in the Honey Bear classroom. This class of four year olds began the year with a unit on inquiry and question asking.  Will and Jessie used this unit as a way to introduce the museums and their vast collections and also get to know their children and gauge their interests. As they visited the different institutions around the National Mall, Will and Jessie carefully recorded their questions and hung them on their class “Inquiry Tree” as a creative display. They noticed a lot of the questions could be answered by visiting the Natural History Museum collection and could be connected through the theme of digging. Will and Jessie collaborated to develop their next unit. I was able to join their class as Jessie led the group through Natural History and gave them hints about what they would study next.  Below you will find a reflection from Jessie and images from her lesson.

Teacher Feature

What were your topics of exploration? Why did you choose them? Where did they come from?

The Honey Bears had two weeks focused on inquiry and curiosity. We began with a lesson about what a question is and how we can use questions to express what we want to know more about. We created an “inquiry tree” in the classroom where the children could hang their questions and we revisited them throughout the weeks. The Honey Bears used their new found curiosity to explore places such as the Botanic Gardens, the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library, the National Gallery of Art’s Sculpture Garden, and the National Museum of Natural History.

Why and how did you choose the visit?

As the Honey Bears conducted observations and gathered questions about the topics they wanted to know more about, Will and I determined what areas held most of their interests. This led us to the Natural History Museum where we went on a scavenger hunt looking for clues that would lead us to our next unit of study. Many of the children’s questions over the weeks had to do with things like dinosaurs, jewels and gold, bones, rocks, and other topics related to digging. The picture clues we used on our scavenger hunt led us to different exhibits in Natural History where we could explore these things and introduce the next thematic unit of “Can you dig it?” to the Honey Bears.

What were your learning objectives? (What did you want your children to take away from the lesson?)

I wanted this lesson to be a culmination of the inquiry weeks. It would be a way to review everything we had learned about how to ask questions and touch on some of the questions we had shared over the weeks. I wanted the Honey Bears to be free to explore the different exhibits at Natural History related to our next unit and come up with new questions. I wanted the children to see how their curiosity and questions control where our themes go.

What was most successful about your lesson?  How did the lesson reach your objectives to expand the topic? What was successful in terms of your preparation and logistics?

Most of the Honey Bears have been to the Natural History Museum many times before. However, by giving them magnifying glasses to hold and picture clues to follow, it gave them a different way of exploring the exhibits. They had to use the picture clues to really think about where we were going next and it added an extra layer of excitement to our exploration. In preparation for the lesson, I sifted through all of the Honey Bears questions and comments to determine where their main interests were. As I ventured through Natural History with the children, I brought up some of their previous questions to spark their curiosity and reflect on their previous experiences.

What could you have done differently to better achieve your objectives and expand the topic? What was challenging regarding logistics? What recommendations would you have for another teacher trying out this lesson?

I think the experience could have gone more smoothly if we had gone to the museum at a quieter time of day, perhaps before it opened so there was less of a crowd. I also felt like I was having good conversations with the children close to me in the front of our train but it was harder for me to communicate with the children in the caboose of the train. We were moving from place to place and there were a lot of people around so next time I would prefer to get there early and have specific spots to stop at so we could all share and discuss our thoughts and questions with the group as a whole.

Here are a few images from their unit on questions:

Jessie began the lesson by reminding the children of the different museums they visited around the mall. Will and Jessie used a token object to remind the children of the Museum collection and asked the children to reflect on their visits.   

Jessie then reminded the children that they had asked a number of really great questions and read some of the questions off of The Inquiry Tree that related to the Museum of Natural History. She explained that a lot of the questions they had could be answered at Natural History so today they were going to go on a hunt for answers at the museum.
Jessie created a modified “scavenger hunt” using images that connected to the children’s digging questions and to different exhibits in the Natural History Museum. She began the visit by  showing the children an image of a squirrel digging in the dirt. Jessie asked the group where they might learn more about her image. The group enthusiastically replied “Mammal Hall!”

After locating their squirrel and looking at the other digging mammals,  Jessie revealed the next image, a crown! The group discussed the different locations in the museums where they might find a crown and the materials that they are made of. The children decided to go up to the Gems and Mineral Hall to investigate.

The students did some close looking with the magnify glasses and found crowns, gold and uncut gems.

Their next clue took them to the Live Insect Zoo to see insect digging in action.

Their final stop was  to the Last American Dinosaur Exhibit to learn about paleontologists and what they are able to dig up. One of the paleontologists came out and talked to the children about his job and brought out a real fossil for the children to examine.

The students all took turns looking very closely at the fossil.

During the next week Will and Jessie formally introduced the class to their new theme: “Can you dig it?” They will be spending a few weeks doing in depth explorations in digging tunnels, archaeologists, and so much more! Check out our Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest for more ideas from their unit on inquiry and digging! See you in two weeks with our next Teacher Feature!

Finding things to entertain you and your child on public transportation can be daunting. Try out some of these activities now or on your next commute!

1. Count: There are innumerable categories of things to count on public transportation. You could start by counting the number of doors, windows, or chairs and then ask your child what they would like to count next. If you are on a bus or if the Metro goes above ground, you can also include those objects you can see outside the train.
2. Seek for Shapes: Just like counting, there are a large variety of shapes to discover on public transportation. Start by selecting a shape to look for and see how many different places it can be discovered.
3. Check yourself out!: Often the train will speed through tunnel after tunnel. Use this time to make some faces at each other. Choose an emotion to portray and talk about how you and your child’s expressions are different or similar.
4. Play Mystery Object: If you’re with your child, chances are that you have a big bag of stuff! Have your child reach their hand into your bag and pick up an object but not pull it out of the bag. Ask them to describe it (smooth, cold, small, etc.) and try guessing what the object might be.
5. Look for Letters: Practice pre-literacy by looking for letters in all the signage (at least those ads are good for something!)
6. Explore Newton’s First Law of Motion: Ok, at first glance this seems out of your child’s league but really this is an easy concept to take on! Newton’s First Law of Motion is that an object in motion will stay in motion until affected by an external force. This is why you lean forward when the train car comes to a stop. Your child probably has already started exploring this when they want to stand and “surf” on the train. A safe and easy way to explore this concept to sit on the edge of your seat leaning away from the back of the chair. You and your child will feel the pull forward as the train comes to a stop!
7. Give Directions: Sit near the map of the Metro system on the train (or use a pocket version) and take turns giving directions to different stops. Select a stop and have your child tell you which color line the stop is on or if you want to get really tricky, see if they can figure out the transfer station. This will develop their visual literacy and knowledge of their surroundings – this can help keep them safe in case you were ever separated.
8. Read or Draw on a Newspaper: Pick up a free paper and share some of the appropriate stories with your child. If you have a pen you could also use it as a doodle-pad for you and your child.
9. Play What’s That Noise?: Public transportation is full of sounds. Use this time as a way to practice listening. Pick a sound (something that is isolated: a loud speaker announcement, a shoe tapping, a door opening, etc.) and have your child try to identify it by pointing and describing.
10. Time something: Children loved to be timed. Use a watch, smartphone, or count to measure how long it takes you or your child to do something. This could be something as simple as taking gloves off, tying a shoe, or, if you are traveling at off peak times, getting from one end of the train car to the other (only if this can be done safely).

How did it go? Share your thoughts about these activities and suggest others below!

Last week we brought you a Teacher Feature from our kindergarten class where they learned about art conservation.  This lesson was part of a larger unit on museums in which the class learned what museums are, who works in them, and how they run.  The web below displays the aspects of museums the class, led by Cathryn Prudencio and Silvana Oderisi, learned about during this unit to gain a better understanding and appreciation for all the people and work that goes into the museums that the students visit daily.  Following the web are photos highlighting some of their experiences from the unit.

Collections

After exploring many of the museums on the National Mall, the class focused their attention on collections.  They visited the third floor of the National Museum of Natural History to look at photographs of collections housed in the Museum.  The class learned how collections are used for educational purposes as well as, research.

The kindergartners were in for a surprise when Igor Krupnik, a curator from Anthropology Department happened to walk by, and invited them to view his collection from Greenland.  The children were able to see firsthand how the objects in a collection are stored safely while not on display.  He also talked about how some of  the objects are used by people.  He is holding  a woman’s knife called an ulu, which is used to scrape animal skins and cut food.

To further understand collections, the class worked in teams and sorted a variety of objects into categories.  As they touched the objects they wore gloves and handled them gently, reminding them that objects in a museum’s collection need to be protected and preserved so people can view them for years to come.

Exhibits

Now that the class understood the concept of collections, they began to explore how the are displayed in exhibits.The class met with Tim Winkle, a museum curator at the National Museum of American History.  Mr. Winkle explained that he is in charge of the firefighting collection, and walked the class through an exhibit he curated: Always Ready: Fighting Fire in the 19th Century.  Winkle offered a glimpse into how exhibits are created by explaining how and why he chose each object. He also discussed how he collaborated with the exhibit designer to create the finished product.

People

During the unit, the class met with many people who work in museums, all performing very different jobs, but all vital to the museum running smoothly.Ann Caspari, a museum educator at the National Air and Space Museum, and former SEEC teacher, met with the class to talk about what museum educators do.  She explained how she meets with many children from around the area and teaches them about flight and space through stories, objects, and hands-on activities.  They even got to participate in one of these activities – the children made their own air crafts and tested them in a wind tunnel, modifying them if need be.

The children met with Chris Mah, a marine biologist who studies at the National Museum of Natural History. He shared invertebrate specimens with the children and explained how scientists use questions to classify objects. Two important questions to his work are about shape and symmetry.

The class also met with Alexander Nagel, an archaeologist who worked in Persepolis in Iran.  He showed the children how he restores objects back to their original colors, and took them through the Eternal Life in Ancient Egypt exhibit at the National Museum of Natural History to find artifacts that have been restored to look how they did when they were originally created.

We hope you enjoyed getting a bigger picture of our Kindergarten class’ unit on Museums! We’ll see you soon with our next Teacher Feature.

It’s Teacher Feature Thursday!

This week we are featuring Silvana Oderisi and Cathryn Prudencio of our Kindergarten classroom.  To begin their school year Silvana and Cathryn wanted to provide the children with a foundation of what museums are, who works in them, and how they run.  To do this they met with many people who hold very different roles, but who are all responsible for ensuring the Smithsonian museums run smoothly, and that the objects in the collections are cared for. I joined their class for a lesson on Art Conservation. Below you will find a reflection from Silvana and Cathryn, and images from the lesson.

A reflection from Silvana and Cathryn:

In the beginning of the school year, our kindergarten class explored museums as a topic. Our purpose of this unit was to really delve into what happens behind the scenes of the museums that we visit on a daily basis, so that we can understand all of the work that goes into the different exhibits, installations, and artwork on display.  After spending some time exploring what collections, exhibits and installations are, we decided to learn about the people who take care of the objects that go into these museum spaces, one being art conservators. We visited the Lunder Conservation Center at the Smithsonian American Art Museum to talk about what the conservators do in the Paintings Lab (restoring the structure of a painting by examining the damage, fixing tears, cracks, and the like) and the Paintings Studio (cleaning and in-painting to fill in the missing parts of the painting to match the surrounding areas), as well as the tools they use to accomplish those tasks (magnifying visors, cotton swab, brushes, heated micro-spatula, etc.). This lesson did require a great amount of research on their website, which described what they do in each portion of the Lunder Conservation Center.

The Lunder Conservation Center website and the facility itself, both proved very useful in creating a rich understanding of art conservation for the children.  The website includes videos with interviews of actual conservators and examples of paintings that had undergone the conservation process, and these helped demonstrate for the children the changes that conservators make in a painting, and why.  After viewing and discussing the videos, our class was able to walk around the Center, which has glass walls so you are able to see conservators hard at work- researching, painting, and restoring, which was very exciting.  This lesson was a great way of making concrete connections between science and the arts. Another successful part of the lesson, was allowing the children a hands-on experience in restoring their own painting.  The children were very excited and invested in going back to our playground to become conservators and “fix” a painting we had bought at a thrift store.

An area of the lesson that we will rethink if we do it again, is the amount of time the kids were sitting watching the videos and listening to an explanation of the work conservators do.  We sat for a long time, and some of the children were getting fidgety, however, we were very lucky to have an actual conservator walk up to us and show some of his tools, which refocused our attention. If we were to do this lesson again, we would make the lesson more effective by starting with the videos and pictures as an introduction, then go for a walk through the Center, and conclude with a debrief of what we saw, discussing the importance and significance of the work they do. Another area of the lesson we might rethink is the amount of materials that we wanted to use. We had a computer, a bag with the materials and “tools” for conserving our own painting, a book with some information of a restored painting at the National Gallery of Art, and an anchor chart. Because we had so many materials,  we ended up accidentally leaving the anchor chart in the classroom.  We believe the anchor chart is a valuable visual, and perhaps we would not have left it behind if we had organized the materials better or been more mindful about which we really needed.  One last recommendation we have for this lesson, is to ensure there is some sort of context for a lesson like this- we really believe one of the reasons the children were so excited to learn about the job of a conservator was because they had a firm grasp on the concept of objects in a museum. Art conservation would definitely not be something to teach without context because then it might fall flat.

This lesson was really fun for us as educators as well, because it helped us to better understand all of the work that goes into putting the different pieces of artwork on display in the museums- from the paintings and even to the frames! All in all, we were very surprised by how enthusiastic the children were about the topic. What might seem like a dull topic (even to some adults) was completely absorbed and taken in by the children and they really enjoyed it! After this lesson we continued to learn more about the people who work behind the scenes in museums like archaeologists that restore artifacts at Natural History, scientists who research animals at Natural History, security officers, horticulturists, and more!

Here are a few images from their lesson on Art Conservation:To learn about art conservation the class visited the Luce Conservation Center, a visible art storage and study center located within the Smithsonian American Art Museum. With the view of conservation labs, it was the perfect place to visit to learn about art conservation.

To begin the conversation, Silvana pulled up two photos of Charles Bird King’s Miss Satterlee– a before and after of the painting’s restoration work.  Silvana asked the class to look at the first photo and explained that the photo shows how the painting looked when the museum received it.  She asked if they could tell what the painting showed, and the children said they had a hard time seeing what it is, and that it looked like it was from a long time ago.  Then they looked at the second photo and noticed that it looked much clearer.  Silvana explained that the second photo was of the painting after an art conservator restored it – to make the painting look like it did when it was first painted.

Silvana explained that painting restoration is done in two different places – the Paintings Lab, and the Paintings Studio.  While looking at photos and viewing examples of conservator’s work from the Lunder Conservation Center website, the children learned that the Paintings Lab is where  structural damage, tears, flaking paint, and ripples in the canvas are repaired, while the Paintings Studio cleans and restores areas of lost paint.

 Lastly, Silvana used her computer to show photos of the tools that conservators use, and brought some along, including a q-tip and a magnifying glass.  She showed the class how conservators use these tools to look for tears, wrinkles, dirt, etc., and fix them before they go on display in the museum.

Then the kindergartners were in for an exciting surprise.  Martin Kotler, a frame conservator at the Smithsonian American Art Museum walked by, heard the conversation and stopped to talk about his job.

 He brought out some of his tools to share with the class.  He explained that he makes a special batch of glue every day that gives flexibility, and he uses a syringe to apply it.

After learning about the elements of art conservation, the class walked through the Center and looked at the conservation labs to see tools they had just learned about.

The children also enjoyed seeing the interactive exhibit pieces that display how artwork and objects are conserved and restored.

They even went upstairs to see another section of the lab and to get a better idea of all the work that goes into art conservation.

After their museum visit, it was their turn to conserve some artwork!  The class went back to the playground, and split into two groups: the Paintings Lab and the Paintings Studio.

The Paintings Lab group used magnifying glasses to look for structural damage like tears, ripples and flaking paint.  They also noticed some dirt and used a q-tip to scrub it off.

Once the Paintings Lab were done, the Paintings Studio group took over.  They pretended to touch up paint that had lost its color.

They even spotted some white patches and pretended to do some inpainting, which is the process of restoring areas of lost paint.

Silvana and Cathryn continued to explore the roles and responsibilities of museum employees for a few more weeks. Stay tuned for the Museum Round Up for more ideas from their unit!